Simplicity Makes the Difference: Charles Babbage at Computer History Museum

05.20.08 | Category: Simplicity, Valley History, Video

Doron Swade at Computer History MuseumValleyZen covered the Computer History Museum’s sold-out lecture kicking off the “Exhibit Launch of Charles Babbage’s Difference Engine No.2″ by Dr. Doron Swade, the world’s expert on Charles Babbage and by Dr. Nathan Myhrvold, former CTO, Microsoft, founder of Dynamical Systems and co-founder of Intellectual Ventures.  Dr. Swade has a unique perspective, because he successfully undertook an experiment completed in 1991 to determine whether Babbage in the period 1847 to 1849 could have built the Difference Engine No. 2.  The experiment required Dr. Swade to use 19th Century tools, part designs, and drawings prepared by or available to Babbage at the time the British government withdrew its financial support for Babbage’s work on Engine No. 2.  In 1871 Babbage died broke and broken.  

The Computer History Museum helped arrange a ValleyZen interview with Dr. Swade after the lecture.  Check out the video here.  Swade talks about the role of simplicity and negative space in Babbage’s work.

View the Flickr PHOTOS of the event here.

Dr. Swade, who for 14 years was Senior Curator of Computing and IT and Acting Assistant Director, National Museum of Science & Industry [London], centered this lecture on an excellent synopsis of his book The Cogwheel Brain: Charles Babbage and the Quest to Build the First Computer. He described his own experiment and provided numerous facts and remarkable insights regarding Babbage.   By the early 19th century the steam engine had mechanized physical labor.  However, machines that could perform mental labor were non-existent.  Swade told the audience that his book tells the story of Charles Babbage’s Difference Engine No. 2 and how Babbage believed he could build an engine that could perform mental labor. 

In addition to building the first Engine No. 2 which permanently resides in the Computing Gallery of the Science Museum in London, Dr. Myhrvold in 2000 commissioned Swade to undertake the building of a second Engine No. 2. The Commission required that the second Engine No. 2 would reside for one year in the Computer History Museum in Mountain View, CA.  Thereafter, it would reside in the living room of Dr. Myhrvold. 

Drs. Swade and Myhrvold, in their recent lecture at the Computer History Museum shared a hilarious story of how the arrangement was made by Messrs. Myhrvold, Swade and the representatives of the Computer Museum.  This resulted in the Mountain View exhibition and the piece for Dr. Myhrvold’s living room (as a companion for a full-size dinosaur).  Fielding a question from the audience about the “weirdest” thing in his living room, Dr. Myhrvold promptly responded “Me.”  Besides the humor, the lectures were an excellent introduction to the history of computing and Charles Babbage.

The exhibit is currently on view at the Computer History Museum in Mountain View, CA until 2009.

Bill Fenwick and Drue Kataoka
Bill Fenwick & Drue Kataoka

5 Comments so far

  1. sandra

    After seeing this post, I wanted to find more about Babbage: Thank you.
    An intriguing person. Babbage even tried walking on water.

    Read more here:
    http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/Babbage.html

  2. Leslie

    Definitely a sign of our own computer age that the “what ifs” of Charles Babbage have found their way through not only scientists and engineers, but also infiltrated the worlds of literature, music, movies, and fashion. I read the cyberpunk/steampunk novel “The Difference Machine” (published 1992) in a college course on the literature of the Industrial Revolution, if you can believe it! I wonder if it’s because we have such a difficult time remembering–or imagining for those of my age group–our lives before computer technology that we’ve become so attracted to imagining it in previous eras. Or, if it’s simply our only way to understand the incredible changes of the Industrial Revolution is to see them as our own enormous technological revolution. See my link to The New York Times styles article from earlier this month for a lovely photo gallery.

    Sorry, I’ve gone slightly off topic from zen, maybe someone else can help bring me back?

  3. Leslie

    Obviously, that book title should have been “The Difference Engine.” Maybe I SHOULD leave this up to the scientists and engineers…

  4. Lawrence

    Leslie, thanks for sharing the interesting NYT link. I think the steampunk aesthetic highlights the difference between the *feel* of Babbage’s Difference Engines and their current counterparts, and what people miss in today’s “modern” look: While the Difference Engines (of necessity) displayed their complexity in all its intricately-geared glory, modern tech like iphones hide their micro-scale complexity inside glass and metal lozenges. In the pursuit of a zen simplicity, inherent complexity is hidden. There are obvious benefits to hiding the complexity, but it is in some ways a lie, an unreal oversimplification. I think it’s partly the sense of authenticity, deep detail and nuance, that steampunk aficionados seek.

    There is something undeniably beautiful about being able to directly observe the functioning of complex machinery. It seems that decades ago technology passed the point at which a person could grok the functioning of a common machine by simple exterior observation. (I don’t know when to mark the shift: vacuum tubes? transitors?)

    What’s the result? Further depths of sub-specialized knowledge, more people alienated from any understanding of how their world works, and lots of very, very useful tools…

    One last positive thought: the rebuilding of the Difference Engine may serve as a cognitive stepping-stone for people seeking to understand modern technology, showing how the principles of computation can be embodied in an observable, slightly less “magical” way.

  5. Mark Evans

    I must say, I’ve never heard of Babbage before reading this post… Thank you for the introduction, I will read on.

    Also, thank you for always bringing up interesting topics for which I may never come across otherwise.

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